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This page gives a brief overview of the history of castles, and explains why different castle designs came about. Fundamentally, these changing designs were due to the changes in the purpose and significance of castles. Although round towers of Farleigh Hungerford castle were predominately decorative, many other castles built towers for practical purposes – to provide a vantage-point for archers to shoot at oncoming attackers. In this video I take a look at the the 3D model of the castle I created in my design. I drop a camera in each room to take a look around and explain my vision.
Castles
The most secure area in the centre of the castle would have been wrapped by two mighty outer stone walls. The shell keep is really just a circular wall of stone that is surrounding a structure. When Motte-and-Bailey castles are upgraded to this style, it means simply replacing the fence with tall and round stone walls. Concentric castles also made use of active defense measures including arrowslits, murder holes, and postern gates to give the garrison as many opportunities as possible to disrupt an assault by besiegers. On top of all this, concentric castles were incredibly expensive and highly impressive structures that dominated any landscape and its inhabitants. In the crusader states, where siege warfare was common in the 12th and 13th centuries, the first concentric castles were built.
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Plus, they’d be easily spotted and fired upon by archers standing at the top of the interior walls. Stone keep castles are wonderful to visit if you want to see what an authentic castle looks like. One of the most famous stone keep castles is the White Tower at the Tower of London.
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To overcome this, castle designers added thicker outer walls – and then rings of extra outer walls. Despite the developments in stone castle designs, Medieval attackers were increasingly able to penetrate their defences. Common techniques included burrowing beneath the corners of towers – undermining their foundations, and encouraging the castle to collapse. The characteristics of gothic architecture emphasized larger and lighter windows, higher rooms, and more decorative castle designs. Somewhere in the leafy depths of British suburbia, a thick circular hedge sprouts from the top of a grassy hill in the middle of a roundabout.
Mural Tower
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Mural towers took various forms – they could be circular, semi-circular or square; some had solid backs, others were open on the reverse. A handful of Norman keeps were built in stone, with a characteristic square design and simple internal features. Such keeps became heavily symbolic of a lord’s right over a castle, and as a result some were constructed long after they had become militarily redundant. Some later stone keeps were circular, following French innovations, and some enclosed existing earthworks to form shell keeps. We typically define what we see as the standard castle along European lines, but there have been defensive structures used throughout human history in various locations. Many structures are even called castles, yet have no connection to Europe at all, such as the many castles that can be found in Japan.
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The bailey was surrounded by a wooden wall or palisade, and sometimes featured a moat and gatehouse for added protection. Artificial mottes probably took somewhere between four to nine months to construct, and on top of it a simple wooden tower or ‘keep’ was added. These keeps varied greatly in size, some being little more than watch towers with room for a few guards, some being great towers with room to house the lord and his entourage. The Land Walls of Theodosius at Constantinople, built in the 4th-5th century, is a spectacular example of an early double-layered concentric curtain wall defence. Norman castles also featured buttresses (a kind of architectural support built against a wall) and were often highly decorated, with curved Romanesque arches and even blind arcading on exterior walls. Hearst was inspired by the castles he’d seen on a European tour as a boy and wanted his home to emulate the palaces of Europe.
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Most of these castle play tents aren’t particularly accurate when compared to actual castles that exist in the world. Many of them are actually shaped more similarly to towers, but they still have the castle feeling to them. It comes with several small medieval knight figurines that stand at three-inches tall. There are some fun accessories for the children to play with as well, such as a catapult toy. This allows children to come up with many fun castle scenarios during their playtime.
Shell Keep Castles
Whereas the Gatehouse simply protected the entrance to the castle, the Barbican was designed to be a deathly obstacle course, preventing attackers from even reaching the gatehouse. Every castle suffered a huge conundrum – people and supplies needed access to the castle, but building a route into the castle formed an incredibly obvious route for attackers. Castle Design Co. is a bespoke architecture and interiors office founded by licensed architect and real estate agent, Lesley Castle. We are a full-service firm that provides all phases of design from concept design to construction administration, including construction documentation.
His primary focus in this field is the analysis of artistic objects through a number of theoretical lenses. His predominant theoretical areas of interest include narratology and critical theory in general, with a particular focus on animal studies. Other than academia, he is a novelist, game reviewer, and freelance writer. Justin’s preferred architectural movements include the more modern and postmodern types of architecture, such as Bauhaus, Art Nouveau, Art Deco, Brutalist, and Futurist varieties like sustainable architecture. Justin is working for artfilemagazine as an author and content writer since 2022. In addition, castles started to be used for a few other purposes along the way.
These castles have become some of the most recognizable, and they quickly spread throughout the continent as incredibly important defensive castles. Usually constructed in a square formation, stone keep castles had four towers at each corner connected by formidable stone walls. The walls of the keep were extremely solid and could be as much as 9 feet thick.
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